Dissertação 5 - Einstein - 1ª Fase - Einstein 2025

     After another Chinese spacecraft recently touched down on the lunar surface, this time to gather samples from the moon’s far side, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson congratulated a country that is challenging the United States’ long-held dominance in space. He was impressed with its fourth successful moon landing.
     But regardless of China’s many achievements in space — which include an occupied space station in low Earth orbit — the United States remains on track to return astronauts to the lunar surface ahead of its chief rival. To reach this, NASA intends to fly four astronauts around the moon in 2025, and then land people on the surface in late 2026 for the first time since the last of the Apollo missions, in 1972.
     Despite competition between the United Sates and China, the two countries will have to find a way to coexist on and around the moon. In an effort to put pressure on China’s space program, which Nelson and others have criticized as operating secretly and as an arm of the military, NASA and the State Department have sought to lead a growing international coalition under what is known as the Artemis Accords. Signatories to the Artemis Accords agree to submit to accepted norms of behavior in space and on and around the moon. Countries would be required to share scientific discoveries and detail where they are operating on the lunar surface and what they are doing.

(Christian Davenport. www.washingtonpost.com, 24.06.2024. Adapted.)

Answer the following questions, in Portuguese. Be concise and direct, and do not repeat the question in your answer.

a) In the first and second paragraphs, identify: the purpose of China’s most recent mission to the moon; and the United States’ next most immediate goal in space.

b) According to the third paragraph, why is the Artemis Accords so particularly important to the United States? Name one commitment signatories to the Artemis Accord should fulfill.